Java原生HttpClient怎么使用

1.信任证书管理类

package cn.wja.component;

import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;





class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

    @Override

    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {

    }



    @Override

    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {

    }



    @Override

    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {

        return null;

    }



    public static TrustManager[] getTrustManagers() {

        TrustManager[] trustAllCertificates = {new MyX509TrustManager()};

        return trustAllCertificates;

    }

}

2.HttpClient类

package cn.wja.component;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;

import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;

import java.net.http.HttpClient;

import java.security.KeyManagementException;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import java.security.SecureRandom;

import java.time.Duration;



public class MyHttpClient {

    static public HttpClient getClient() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {

        TrustManager[] trustManagers = MyX509TrustManager.getTrustManagers();

        var timeoutInSeconds = 60;

        SSLParameters sslParams = new SSLParameters();

        sslParams.setEndpointIdentificationAlgorithm("");

        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");

        //取消主机名验证

        System.setProperty("jdk.internal.httpclient.disableHostnameVerification", "true");

        sc.init(null, trustManagers, new SecureRandom());

        return HttpClient.newBuilder()

                .connectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(timeoutInSeconds * 1000))

                .sslContext(sc)

                .sslParameters(sslParams)

                .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NEVER)

                .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2)

                .build();

    }

}

3.发送请求工具类

package cn.wja.util;



import cn.wja.component.MyHttpClient;

import java.net.URI;

import java.net.http.HttpClient;

import java.net.http.HttpRequest;

import java.net.http.HttpResponse;





import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;



public class HttpUtils {



    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {

        HashMap<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();

        hashMap.put("Cookie",cookieStr);

        return sendGet(urlStr,hashMap);

    }





    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, Map<String,String> headers) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, InterruptedException {

        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();

        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);

        reqBuilder.GET();

        for (String key:headers.keySet()){

            reqBuilder.header(key, headers.get(key));

        }

        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();

        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));

        return result;

    }



    private static HttpResponse<String> sendPost(String contentType, String urlStr, String bodyStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {

        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();

        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);

        HttpRequest.BodyPublisher bodyPublisher = HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(bodyStr);

        reqBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType)

                .POST(bodyPublisher)

                .header("Cookie", cookieStr);

        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();

        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));

        return result;

    }

    

    public static HttpResponse<String> sendFormPost(String urlStr, String formStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {

        return sendPost("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", urlStr, formStr, cookieStr);

    }



    public static HttpResponse<String> sendJsonPost(String urlStr, String jsonStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {

        return sendPost("application/json;charset=utf-8", urlStr, jsonStr, cookieStr);

    }



    public static HttpRequest.Builder getReqBuilder(String urlStr) {

        return HttpRequest.newBuilder()

                .uri(URI.create(urlStr))

                .header("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0");

    }

}

4.测试

测试表明，通过调用工具类方法，可以直接发送GET请求和带Form表单/Json的POST请求。如果您要发送其他形式的HTTP请求，也可以参照上述代码自行实现。