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Vue3中怎么实现选取头像并裁剪

Vue3
349 2023-05-13

Vue3中怎么实现选取头像并裁剪

最终效果

安装VueCropper组件

yarn add vue-cropper@next

上面的安装值针对Vue3的,如果时Vue2或者想使用其他的方式引用,请访问它的npm官方地址:官方教程。

在组件中引用

使用时也很简单,只需要引入对应的组件和它的样式文件,我这里没有在全局引用,只在我的组件文件中引入

<script>

import { userInfoByRequest } from '../js/api'

import { VueCropper } from 'vue-cropper'

import 'vue-cropper/dist/index.css'

export default {

    components: {

        VueCropper

    },

}

然后用<vue-cropper>标签来进行使用,需要注意的是它需要有外层容器包裹,并且给外层容器设置指定的高度。

<el-dialog title="头像设置" v-model="showSetAvatarDialog">

            <div class="cropperBox">

                <vue-cropper ref="cropper" :canMoveBox="false" :img="avatarBase64" :fixedBox="true" :autoCrop="true"

                    autoCropWidth="200" autoCropHeight="200" outputType="png"></vue-cropper>

            </div>

            <div class="optionBtn">

                <el-button @click="rotateLeft"><i class="fa fa-rotate-left"></i>左旋转</el-button>

                <el-button @click="rotateRight"><i class="fa fa-rotate-right"></i>右旋转</el-button>

                <el-button @click="getPickAvatar" type="primary"><i class="fa fa-save"></i>保存</el-button>

            </div>

</el-dialog>

我这里是将它放到一个Dialog弹框中,当选择完图片后会弹出这弹框。

关于它的一些属性可以参考:官方教程中的详细描述,上面用到的属性含义:

  • canMoveBox:截图框能否移动,默认是可以的,我设置为false,因为我想让图片移动,截图框不动。

  • img:图片源,可以是图片网址也可以是base64数据。

  • fixedBox:不允许改变截图框的大小,默认是可以的,这里我设置为了true,因为我想要一个固定长宽的正方形。

  • autoCrop:是否默认生成截图框,这里设置为了true

  • autoCropWidth:自动生成截图框的默认宽度

  • autoCropHeight:自动生成截图框的默认高度

  • outputType:输出图片的格式,这里我设置为了png格式

获取图片内容

通过下面这种方式,使用它内置的方法获取截取图片的内容

//获取base64格式的截图内容

this.$refs.cropper.getCropData(data => {

  // do something

  console.log(data)  

})

//获取blob格式的截图内容

this.$refs.cropper.getCropBlob(data => {

  // do something

  console.log(data)  

})

更多其他的内置方法请参考官方教程中的详细描述。

自定义上传图片

截图组件有了,下面需要我们选择一个图片,然后通过前端转换为base64后弹出截图的组件进行选择,这里用原生的input标签,type为file,但是原生的样式不是我们想要的,演示中我是点击一个相机的小图标后选择图片,这个实现过程如下:

  1. 首先将 中加入hidden属性,将它隐藏

  2. 然后当点击相机图标时通过js实现点击input的事件

  3. 在input标签中定义change事件,进行图片转base64的逻辑

  4. 然后将转换的数据设置到全局变量中

完整的代码实现

UserCenter.vue

<template>

    <div class="userCenter">

        <input id="avatarFile" type="file" hidden @change="selectFile" />

        <header>

            <div class="avatar">

                <div class="back">

                    <el-tooltip content="返回">

                        <i @click="back" class="fa fa-arrow-left"></i>

                    </el-tooltip>

                </div>

                <div class="topInfo">

                    <el-avatar :size="120" :src="avatarBlob==null?(userInfo.avatar==null?defaultAvatar:userInfo.avatar):avatarBlob"></el-avatar>

                    <div class="setAvatar">

                        <el-tooltip content="修改头像">

                            <i @click="getFile" class="fa fa-camera"></i>

                        </el-tooltip>

                    </div>

                    <div class="username">{{userInfo.nickName}}</div>

                </div>

            </div>

        </header>

        <el-row justify="center">

            <el-col :lg="12" :xl="12" :md="18" :sm="20" :xs="20">

                <div class="userInfoBox">

                    <div class="headerOption">

                        <el-tooltip content="修改用户基本信息,涉及账号的修改请点击底栏的操作按钮">

                            <el-link @click="editUserInfo"><i class="fa fa-edit"></i></el-link>

                        </el-tooltip>

                    </div>

                    <ul>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">用户名:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.username}}</div>

                        </li>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">邮箱:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.email}}</div>

                        </li>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">昵称:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.nickName}}</div>

                        </li>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">性别:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.gender==3?'保密':(userInfo.gender==0?'男':'女')}}</div>

                        </li>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">年龄:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.age}}</div>

                        </li>

                        <li>

                            <div class="userInfoTitle">生日:</div>

                            <div class="userInfoValue">{{userInfo.birthday}}</div>

                        </li>

                    </ul>

                </div>

            </el-col>

        </el-row>

        <div class="option">

            <el-button class="optionBtn" size="large" round><i class="fa fa-user"></i>用户名修改</el-button>

            <el-button class="optionBtn" size="large" round><i class="fa fa-lock"></i>修改密码</el-button>

            <el-button class="optionBtn" size="large" round><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i>修改邮箱</el-button>

            <el-button class="optionBtn" size="large" round><i class="fa fa-toggle-on"></i>激活邮箱</el-button>

            <el-button class="optionBtn" size="large" round><i class="fa fa-power-off"></i>注销账号</el-button>

        </div>

        <el-dialog title="基本信息" v-model="showUserInfoDialog">

            <el-form :model="userInfoForm">

                <el-form-item label="昵称">

                    <el-input placeholder="请输入昵称" v-model="userInfoForm.nickName"></el-input>

                </el-form-item>

                <el-form-item label="性别">

                    <el-select v-model="userInfoForm.gender">

                        <el-option v-for="item in genders" :key="item.id" :label="item.genderName"

                            :value="item.genderCode"></el-option>

                    </el-select>

                </el-form-item>

                <el-form-item label="生日">

                    <el-date-picker v-model="userInfoForm.birthday" :locale="locale" placeholder="选择出生日期"

                        value-format="yyyy-MM-dd"></el-date-picker>

                </el-form-item>

                <div class="submitBtn" >

                    <el-button @click="showUserInfoDialog=false" type="info">取消</el-button>

                    <el-button type="primary">确定</el-button>

                </div>

            </el-form>

        </el-dialog>

        <el-dialog title="头像设置" v-model="showSetAvatarDialog">

            <div class="cropperBox">

                <vue-cropper ref="cropper" :canMoveBox="false" :img="avatarBase64" :fixedBox="true" :autoCrop="true"

                    autoCropWidth="200" autoCropHeight="200" outputType="png"></vue-cropper>

            </div>

            <div class="optionBtn">

                <el-button @click="rotateLeft"><i class="fa fa-rotate-left"></i>左旋转</el-button>

                <el-button @click="rotateRight"><i class="fa fa-rotate-right"></i>右旋转</el-button>

                <el-button @click="getPickAvatar" type="primary"><i class="fa fa-save"></i>保存</el-button>

            </div>

        </el-dialog>

    </div>

</template>

<script>

import { userInfoByRequest } from '../js/api'

import { VueCropper } from 'vue-cropper'

import 'vue-cropper/dist/index.css'

export default {

    components: {

        VueCropper

    },

    data() {

        return {

            userInfo: {},

            defaultAvatar: 'https://cube.elemecdn.com/9/c2/f0ee8a3c7c9638a54940382568c9dpng.png',

            userInfoForm: {},

            genders: [

                {

                    id: 1,

                    genderName: '男性',

                    genderCode: 0,

                },

                {

                    id: 2,

                    genderName: '女性',

                    genderCode: 1,

                },

                {

                    id: 3,

                    genderName: '保密',

                    genderCode: 3,

                }

            ],

            showUserInfoDialog: false,

            showSetAvatarDialog: false,

            avatarBase64:'',

            avatarBlob: null

        }

    },

    methods: {

        back() {

            this.$router.go(-1)

        },

        getUserInfo() {

            userInfoByRequest().then(res => {

                this.userInfo = res.data;

            })

        },

        editUserInfo() {

            this.userInfoForm.nickName = this.userInfo.nickName;

            this.userInfoForm.gender = this.userInfo.gender;

            this.userInfoForm.birthday = this.userInfo.birthday;

            this.showUserInfoDialog = true;

        },

        getPickAvatar() {

            this.$refs.cropper.getCropData(data => {

                this.avatarBlob = data

            })

            this.showSetAvatarDialog = false;

        },

        rotateLeft() {

            this.$refs.cropper.rotateLeft();

        },

        rotateRight() {

            this.$refs.cropper.rotateRight();

        },

        getFile() {

            let fileEle = document.getElementById('avatarFile')

            fileEle.click()

        },

        selectFile(e) {

            var file = e.target.files[0];

            var filesize = file.size;

            var filename = file.name;

            var reader = new FileReader();

            reader.readAsDataURL(file);

            reader.onload = (e) => {

                var imgcode = e.target.result;

                this.avatarBase64 = imgcode

                this.showSetAvatarDialog = true;

            }

        }

    },

    mounted() {

        this.getUserInfo();

    }

}

</script>

<style scoped>

.userCenter {

    display: flex;

    flex-direction: column;

    justify-content: center;

}



.username {

    color: #fff;

    font-weight: bold;

    font-size: 19px;

    padding: 0 10px;

}



header {

    text-align: center;

    padding: 10px;

    background-color: #333;



}



.topInfo {

    animation: userInfoCard 2s;

    -webkit-animation: userInfoCard 2s;

    /* Safari and Chrome */

}



.back {

    text-align: left;

    color: #fff;

    position: relative;

    left: 10px;

}



.back>i {

    cursor: pointer;

}



.userInfoBox {

    box-shadow: 2px 3px 10px #D3d7d4;

    margin-top: 20px;

    padding: 20px;

    background-color: #fff;

    font-size: 16px;

    text-align: center;

    border-radius: 4px;

    animation: userInfoCard 3s;

    -webkit-animation: userInfoCard 3s;

    /* Safari and Chrome */

}



.setAvatar {

    position: relative;

    top: -20px;

    font-size: 14px;

    color: #000;

    margin: -10px;

}



.setAvatar>i {

    cursor: pointer;

}



ul>li {

    display: flex;

    padding: 5px;

}



.userInfoTitle {

    font-weight: bold;

    width: 100px;

    text-align: right;

    padding-right: 10px;

}



.option {

    width: 100%;

    text-align: center;

    position: fixed;

    bottom: 20px;

    border: 1px solid gainsboro;

    padding: 10px;

}



.optionBtn {

    font-weight: bold;

    text-align: center;

    margin-top: 10px;

}



.headerOption {

    text-align: right;

}



@keyframes userInfoCard {

    from {

        opacity: 0;

    }



    to {

        opacity: 1;

    }

}



@-webkit-keyframes userInfoCard



/* Safari and Chrome */

    {

    from {

        opacity: 0;

    }



    to {

        opacity: 1;

    }

}



.cropperBox {

    width: 100%;

    height: 300px;

}

</style>